How are long-arm statutes and forum-selection clauses similar?

a. They both eliminate the necessity for a court to have subject matter jurisdiction.

b. They both eliminate any requirement that there be a connection between a state
and a party over whom that state is attempting to exercise jurisdiction.

c. They both can be factors in determining whether or not a state has personal
jurisdiction over a defendant.

d. They both eliminate the need to meet venue requirements in a case.